Cardinal Numbers | मूळ संख्या
Introduction | परिचय
Cardinal numbers (मूळ संख्या) are used for counting and indicating quantity. They answer the question “How many?” This comprehensive guide covers everything from basic counting to the unique Indian numbering system.
मूळ संख्या मोजण्यासाठी आणि प्रमाण दर्शवण्यासाठी वापरल्या जातात. या “किती?” या प्रश्नाचे उत्तर देतात.
Learning Objectives | शिक्षण उद्दिष्ट्ये
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
- Count from 0 to 100 in Marathi
- Form compound numbers (21-99)
- Use the Indian numbering system (lakh, crore)
- Read and write Devanagari numerals
- Apply numbers in everyday contexts
Part 1: Numbers 0-10 | भाग १: संख्या ०-१०
These are the foundational numbers. Master these before moving forward.
| # |
English |
Marathi Word |
Devanagari Numeral |
Transliteration |
Pronunciation Guide |
| 0 |
Zero |
शून्य |
० |
shūnya |
SHOON-ya |
| 1 |
One |
एक |
१ |
ek |
EK |
| 2 |
Two |
दोन |
२ |
don |
DON |
| 3 |
Three |
तीन |
३ |
tīn |
TEEN |
| 4 |
Four |
चार |
४ |
chār |
CHAAR |
| 5 |
Five |
पाच |
५ |
pāch |
PAACH |
| 6 |
Six |
सहा |
६ |
sahā |
SA-haa |
| 7 |
Seven |
सात |
७ |
sāt |
SAAT |
| 8 |
Eight |
आठ |
८ |
āṭh |
AATH |
| 9 |
Nine |
नऊ |
९ |
naū |
NA-oo |
| 10 |
Ten |
दहा |
१० |
dahā |
DA-haa |
Example Sentences | उदाहरण वाक्ये
| English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| I have one book. |
माझ्याकडे एक पुस्तक आहे. |
mājhyākaḍe ek pustak āhe. |
| She has two brothers. |
तिचे दोन भाऊ आहेत. |
tiche don bhāū āhet. |
| There are five apples. |
पाच सफरचंद आहेत. |
pāch sapharchand āhet. |
Part 2: Numbers 11-20 | भाग २: संख्या ११-२०
Numbers 11-19 have unique names in Marathi. Notice the patterns.
| # |
English |
Marathi Word |
Devanagari Numeral |
Transliteration |
Breakdown |
| 11 |
Eleven |
अकरा |
११ |
akarā |
ak (1) + rā |
| 12 |
Twelve |
बारा |
१२ |
bārā |
bā + rā |
| 13 |
Thirteen |
तेरा |
१३ |
terā |
te + rā |
| 14 |
Fourteen |
चौदा |
१४ |
chaudā |
chau + dā |
| 15 |
Fifteen |
पंधरा |
१५ |
pandharā |
pandha + rā |
| 16 |
Sixteen |
सोळा |
१६ |
soḷā |
so + ḷā |
| 17 |
Seventeen |
सतरा |
१७ |
satarā |
sata + rā |
| 18 |
Eighteen |
अठरा |
१८ |
aṭharā |
aṭha + rā |
| 19 |
Nineteen |
एकोणीस |
१९ |
ekoṇīs |
ek + oṇīs |
| 20 |
Twenty |
वीस |
२० |
vīs |
vīs |
Pattern Notes | पॅटर्न टीपा
- Numbers 11-18 mostly end with “रा” (rā) sound
- Number 14 changes slightly: चौदा (chaudā) from चार (chār)
- Number 19: एकोणीस (ekoṇīs) literally means “one less than twenty”
- Number 20: वीस (vīs) is unique
Part 3: Multiples of 10 (30-100) | भाग ३: दशक संख्या (३०-१००)
These are the “tens” that form the base for compound numbers.
| # |
English |
Marathi Word |
Devanagari Numeral |
Transliteration |
| 30 |
Thirty |
तीस |
३० |
tīs |
| 40 |
Forty |
चाळीस |
४० |
chāḷīs |
| 50 |
Fifty |
पन्नास |
५० |
pannās |
| 60 |
Sixty |
साठ |
६० |
sāṭh |
| 70 |
Seventy |
सत्तर |
७० |
sattar |
| 80 |
Eighty |
ऐंशी |
८० |
aīnśī |
| 90 |
Ninety |
नव्वद |
९० |
navvad |
| 100 |
Hundred |
शंभर |
१०० |
śambhar |
Memory Tips | लक्षात ठेवण्यासाठी टिप्स
| Range |
Pattern |
| 20-29 |
Based on वीस (vīs) - twenty |
| 30-39 |
Based on तीस (tīs) - thirty |
| 40-49 |
Based on चाळीस (chāḷīs) - forty |
| 50-59 |
Based on पन्नास (pannās) - fifty |
| 60-69 |
Based on साठ (sāṭh) - sixty |
| 70-79 |
Based on सत्तर (sattar) - seventy |
| 80-89 |
Based on ऐंशी (aīnśī) - eighty |
| 90-99 |
Based on नव्वद (navvad) - ninety |
Part 4: Compound Numbers 21-99 | भाग ४: संयुक्त संख्या २१-९९
Compound numbers in Marathi are formed by combining the unit digit with the tens place. The pattern varies slightly across different ranges.
21-29 (Based on Twenty - वीस)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
Pattern |
| 21 |
Twenty-one |
एकवीस |
ekvīs |
ek (1) + vīs (20) |
| 22 |
Twenty-two |
बावीस |
bāvīs |
bā (2) + vīs |
| 23 |
Twenty-three |
तेवीस |
tevīs |
te (3) + vīs |
| 24 |
Twenty-four |
चोवीस |
chovīs |
cho (4) + vīs |
| 25 |
Twenty-five |
पंचवीस |
pañcvīs |
pañc (5) + vīs |
| 26 |
Twenty-six |
सव्वीस |
savvīs |
sav (6) + vīs |
| 27 |
Twenty-seven |
सत्तावीस |
sattāvīs |
sattā (7) + vīs |
| 28 |
Twenty-eight |
अठ्ठावीस |
aṭṭhāvīs |
aṭṭhā (8) + vīs |
| 29 |
Twenty-nine |
एकोणतीस |
ekoṇatīs |
ekoṇa (less 1) + tīs (30) |
31-39 (Based on Thirty - तीस)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
Pattern |
| 31 |
Thirty-one |
एकतीस |
ekatīs |
ek (1) + tīs |
| 32 |
Thirty-two |
बत्तीस |
battīs |
ba (2) + ttīs |
| 33 |
Thirty-three |
तेहतीस |
tehatīs |
teha (3) + tīs |
| 34 |
Thirty-four |
चौतीस |
chauatīs |
chau (4) + tīs |
| 35 |
Thirty-five |
पस्तीस |
pastīs |
pas (5) + tīs |
| 36 |
Thirty-six |
छत्तीस |
chhatatīs |
chhata (6) + tīs |
| 37 |
Thirty-seven |
सदतीस |
sadatīs |
sada (7) + tīs |
| 38 |
Thirty-eight |
अडतीस |
aḍatīs |
aḍa (8) + tīs |
| 39 |
Thirty-nine |
एकोणचाळीस |
ekoṇachāḷīs |
ekoṇa + chāḷīs (40) |
41-49 (Based on Forty - चाळीस)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 41 |
Forty-one |
एक्केचाळीस |
ekkechāḷīs |
| 42 |
Forty-two |
बेचाळीस |
bechāḷīs |
| 43 |
Forty-three |
त्रेचाळीस |
trechāḷīs |
| 44 |
Forty-four |
चव्वेचाळीस |
chavvechāḷīs |
| 45 |
Forty-five |
पंचेचाळीस |
pañcechāḷīs |
| 46 |
Forty-six |
शहाचाळीस |
śahāchāḷīs |
| 47 |
Forty-seven |
सत्ताचाळीस |
sattāchāḷīs |
| 48 |
Forty-eight |
अठ्ठाचाळीस |
aṭṭhāchāḷīs |
| 49 |
Forty-nine |
एकोणपन्नास |
ekoṇapannās |
51-59 (Based on Fifty - पन्नास)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 51 |
Fifty-one |
एक्कावन |
ekkāvan |
| 52 |
Fifty-two |
बावन |
bāvan |
| 53 |
Fifty-three |
त्रेपन |
trepan |
| 54 |
Fifty-four |
चोपन |
chopañ |
| 55 |
Fifty-five |
पंचावन |
pañcāvan |
| 56 |
Fifty-six |
छप्पन |
chhappañ |
| 57 |
Fifty-seven |
सत्तावन |
sattāvan |
| 58 |
Fifty-eight |
अठ्ठावन |
aṭṭhāvan |
| 59 |
Fifty-nine |
एकसष्ट |
ekasaṣṭ |
61-69 (Based on Sixty - साठ)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 61 |
Sixty-one |
एकसष्ट |
ekasaṣṭ |
| 62 |
Sixty-two |
बासष्ट |
bāsaṣṭ |
| 63 |
Sixty-three |
त्रेसष्ट |
tresaṣṭ |
| 64 |
Sixty-four |
चौसष्ट |
chaudaśaṣṭ |
| 65 |
Sixty-five |
पंचासष्ट |
pañcāsaṣṭ |
| 66 |
Sixty-six |
छ्यासष्ट |
chhyāsaṣṭ |
| 67 |
Sixty-seven |
सदसष्ट |
sadasaṣṭ |
| 68 |
Sixty-eight |
अडसष्ट |
aḍasaṣṭ |
| 69 |
Sixty-nine |
एकोणसत्तर |
ekoṇasattar |
71-79 (Based on Seventy - सत्तर)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 71 |
Seventy-one |
एकहत्तर |
ekahattar |
| 72 |
Seventy-two |
बहत्तर |
bahattar |
| 73 |
Seventy-three |
त्र्याहत्तर |
tryāhattar |
| 74 |
Seventy-four |
चौहत्तर |
chauhattar |
| 75 |
Seventy-five |
पंच्याहत्तर |
pañcyāhattar |
| 76 |
Seventy-six |
शहात्तर |
śahāttar |
| 77 |
Seventy-seven |
सत्त्याहत्तर |
sattyāhattar |
| 78 |
Seventy-eight |
अठ्ठ्याहत्तर |
aṭṭhyāhattar |
| 79 |
Seventy-nine |
एकोणऐंशी |
ekoṇaīnśī |
81-89 (Based on Eighty - ऐंशी)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 81 |
Eighty-one |
एक्याऐंशी |
ekyāaīnśī |
| 82 |
Eighty-two |
ब्याऐंशी |
byāaīnśī |
| 83 |
Eighty-three |
त्र्याऐंशी |
tryāaīnśī |
| 84 |
Eighty-four |
चौऱ्याऐंशी |
chauṛyāaīnśī |
| 85 |
Eighty-five |
पंच्याऐंशी |
pañcyāaīnśī |
| 86 |
Eighty-six |
शहाऐंशी |
śahāaīnśī |
| 87 |
Eighty-seven |
सत्त्याऐंशी |
sattyāaīnśī |
| 88 |
Eighty-eight |
अठ्ठ्याऐंशी |
aṭṭhyāaīnśī |
| 89 |
Eighty-nine |
एकोणनव्वद |
ekoṇanavvad |
91-99 (Based on Ninety - नव्वद)
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 91 |
Ninety-one |
एक्याणव्वद |
ekyāṇavvad |
| 92 |
Ninety-two |
ब्याणव्वद |
byāṇavvad |
| 93 |
Ninety-three |
त्र्याणव्वद |
tryāṇavvad |
| 94 |
Ninety-four |
चौऱ्याणव्वद |
chauṛyāṇavvad |
| 95 |
Ninety-five |
पंच्याणव्वद |
pañcyāṇavvad |
| 96 |
Ninety-six |
शहाणव्वद |
śahāṇavvad |
| 97 |
Ninety-seven |
सत्त्याणव्वद |
sattyāṇavvad |
| 98 |
Ninety-eight |
अठ्ठ्याणव्वद |
aṭṭhyāṇavvad |
| 99 |
Ninety-nine |
नव्वदनऊ |
navvadnaū |
Part 5: Larger Numbers | भाग ५: मोठ्या संख्या
Hundreds and Thousands | शंभर आणि हजार
| # |
English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| 100 |
Hundred |
शंभर |
śambhar |
| 200 |
Two hundred |
दोनशे |
donśe |
| 300 |
Three hundred |
तीनशे |
tīnśe |
| 400 |
Four hundred |
चारशे |
chārśe |
| 500 |
Five hundred |
पाचशे |
pāchśe |
| 600 |
Six hundred |
सहाशे |
sahāśe |
| 700 |
Seven hundred |
सातशे |
sātśe |
| 800 |
Eight hundred |
आठशे |
āṭhśe |
| 900 |
Nine hundred |
नऊशे |
naūśe |
| 1,000 |
Thousand |
हजार |
hajār |
| 2,000 |
Two thousand |
दोन हजार |
don hajār |
| 10,000 |
Ten thousand |
दहा हजार |
dahā hajār |
The Indian Numbering System | भारतीय संख्या प्रणाली
India uses a unique numbering system with terms like “lakh” and “crore” instead of million and billion.
| Indian Term |
Marathi |
Value |
Arabic Numerals |
Western Equivalent |
| Lakh |
लाख |
1,00,000 |
100,000 |
Hundred Thousand |
| Ten Lakh |
दहा लाख |
10,00,000 |
1,000,000 |
Million |
| Crore |
कोटी |
1,00,00,000 |
10,000,000 |
Ten Million |
| Ten Crore |
दहा कोटी |
10,00,00,000 |
100,000,000 |
Hundred Million |
| Hundred Crore |
शंभर कोटी |
1,00,00,00,000 |
1,000,000,000 |
Billion |
Important Number Terms | महत्त्वाचे संख्या शब्द
| Marathi |
Transliteration |
Value |
Usage Example |
| अर्धा |
ardha |
Half (½) |
अर्धा तास (half an hour) |
| पाव |
pāv |
Quarter (¼) |
पाव किलो (quarter kg) |
| दीड |
dīḍ |
One and a half (1½) |
दीड तास (1.5 hours) |
| अडीच |
aḍīc |
Two and a half (2½) |
अडीच वर्ष (2.5 years) |
| सव्वा |
savvā |
Quarter more (1¼) |
सव्वा किलो (1.25 kg) |
| पंधरावा |
pandharāvā |
15th |
पंधरावा दिवस (15th day) |
Part 6: Usage in Sentences | भाग ६: वाक्यांत वापर
Counting Objects | वस्तू मोजणे
| English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| I have three books. |
माझ्याकडे तीन पुस्तके आहेत. |
mājhyākaḍe tīn pustake āhet. |
| She bought five mangoes. |
तिने पाच आंबे विकत घेतले. |
tine pāch āmbe vikat ghetale. |
| There are twenty students in the class. |
वर्गात वीस विद्यार्थी आहेत. |
vargāt vīs vidyārthī āhet. |
| He earns fifty thousand rupees. |
तो पन्नास हजार रुपये कमवतो. |
to pannās hajār rupaye kamavato. |
Age | वय
| English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| I am twenty-five years old. |
मी पंचवीस वर्षांचा आहे. |
mī pañcvīs varṣāṃchā āhe. |
| She is thirty years old. |
ती तीस वर्षांची आहे. |
tī tīs varṣāṃcī āhe. |
| My grandmother is eighty years old. |
माझी आजी ऐंशी वर्षांची आहे. |
mājhī ājī aīnśī varṣāṃcī āhe. |
Prices | किंमत
| English |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| This costs hundred rupees. |
याची किंमत शंभर रुपये आहे. |
yācī kimat śambhar rupaye āhe. |
| The price is five hundred rupees. |
किंमत पाचशे रुपये आहे. |
kimat pāchśe rupaye āhe. |
| One lakh rupees. |
एक लाख रुपये. |
ek lākh rupaye. |
Phone Numbers | दूरध्वनी क्रमांक
Phone numbers are read digit by digit:
Example: ९८७६५४३२१०
| Digit |
Marathi |
Transliteration |
| ९ |
नऊ |
naū |
| ८ |
आठ |
āṭh |
| ७ |
सात |
sāt |
| ६ |
सहा |
sahā |
| ५ |
पाच |
pāch |
| ४ |
चार |
chār |
| ३ |
तीन |
tīn |
| २ |
दोन |
don |
| १ |
एक |
ek |
| ० |
शून्य |
shūnya |
Practice Exercises | सराव सराव
Exercise 1: Write in Devanagari | सराव १: देवनागरीत लिहा
Write these numbers in Devanagari script:
- 7 = ___
- 15 = ___
- 28 = ___
- 45 = ___
- 67 = ___
- 83 = ___
- 99 = ___
- 156 = ___
- 500 = ___
- 1000 = ___
Exercise 2: Translate to Marathi | सराव २: मराठीत अनुवाद
Translate these numbers to Marathi words:
- Twelve = ___
- Thirty-five = ___
- Fifty-two = ___
- Seventy-eight = ___
- Ninety-one = ___
- Two hundred = ___
- Five thousand = ___
- One lakh = ___
Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks | सराव ३: रिकाम्या जागा भरा
Complete the sentences with correct numbers:
- आठ + दोन = ___ (ten)
- पंधरा - पाच = ___ (ten)
- वीस + तीस = ___ (fifty)
- शंभर ÷ दोन = ___ (fifty)
Exercise 4: Number Patterns | सराव ४: संख्या पॅटर्न
Complete the number sequences:
- एक, दोन, तीन, __, __
- दहा, वीस, तीस, __, __
- पाच, दहा, पंधरा, __, __
Exercise 5: Real-life Application | सराव ५: वास्तविक उपयोग
Answer these questions in Marathi:
- How many days are in a week? (एका आठवड्यात किती दिवस असतात?)
- How many months are in a year? (एका वर्षात किती महिने असतात?)
- How many fingers do you have? (तुमच्याकडे किती बोटे आहेत?)
Answer Key | उत्तर की
Exercise 1 Answers
- ७
- १५
- २८
- ४५
- ६७
- ८३
- ९९
- १५६
- ५००
- १०००
Exercise 2 Answers
- बारा
- पस्तीस
- बावन
- अठ्ठ्याहत्तर
- एक्याणव्वद
- दोनशे
- पाच हजार
- एक लाख
Exercise 3 Answers
- दहा
- दहा
- पन्नास
- पन्नास
Summary | सारांश
In this lesson, you learned:
- Numbers 0-20 individually
- Multiples of 10 from 30-100
- Compound numbers from 21-99
- The Indian numbering system (lakh, crore)
- How to use numbers in sentences
Next Lesson: Ordinal Numbers